Systems Engineering Approaches

Learn the Systems Engineering from the Experts 

Systems Engineering Definition by INCOSE:
Systems Engineering integrates all the disciplines and specialty groups into a team effort forming a structured development process that proceeds from concept to production to operation. Systems Engineering considers both the business and the technical needs of all customers with the goal of providing a quality product that meets the user needs. International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE)

Systems Engineering Definition by DoD/DAU:
The term “systems engineering” was first coined in the early 1940s, and DoD began practicing the concept later that decade with the initial development of missiles and missile-defense systems. Systems engineering started gaining momentum following World War II. Because of its role in acquiring and developing large-scale, complex systems, DoD led the way in codifying the fledgling discipline by developing and releasing the first systems engineering standard in 1969. The principles in that baseline military standard (and later revisions) are still valid. Efforts aimed at revitalizing systems engineering have retained those aspects of the discipline that have proven successful in developing complex systems in the past in a framework that has evolved over time.


Systems Engineering Definition by NASA:
Systems engineering is a methodical, disciplined approach for the design, realization, technical management, operations, and retirement of a system.

Systems Engineering Definition by FHWA:
An inter-disciplinary approach and a means to enable the realization of successful systems. Systems engineering requires a broad knowledge, a mindset that keeps the big picture in mind, a facilitator, and a skilled conductor of a team.

Learn about RF Safety: Non-Ionizing Radiation

WHAT IS NON-IONIZING RADIATION?

"Ionization" is a process by which electrons are stripped from atoms and molecules.  This process can produce molecular changes that can lead to damage in biological tissue, including effects on DNA, the genetic material of living organisms.  This process requires interaction with high levels of electromagnetic energy.  Those types of electromagnetic radiation with enough energy to ionize biological material include X-radiation and gamma radiation.  Therefore, X-rays and gamma rays are examples of ionizing radiation.

The energy levels associated with RF and microwave radiation, on the other hand, are not great enough to cause the ionization of atoms and molecules, and RF energy is, therefore, is a type of non-ionizing radiation.

Other types of non-ionizing radiation include visible and infrared light.  Often the term "radiation" is used, colloquially, to imply that ionizing radiation (radioactivity), such as that associated with nuclear power plants, is present.  Ionizing radiation should not be confused with the lower-energy, non-ionizing radiation with respect to possible biological effects, since the mechanisms of action are quite different.

Attendees attending this class will receive a completion certificate and card complying with OSHA reporting requirements in 29 CFR1910.268.

RF Safety Training will teach you all about RF Safety. Check it out.

What is SCADA? Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) 

SCADA, Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition systems refer to the combination of telemetry and data acquisition. It consists of collecting information, transferring it back to a central site, carrying out necessary analysis and control, and then displaying this data on a number of operator screens. 

The SCADA system is used to monitor and control a plant or equipment. Control may be automatic or can be initiated by operator commands.

Primary functions of SCADA system:

·         Data acquisition

·         Data communication

·         Data presentation

·         Control

Points of SCADA Vulnerability are:

·         The IT Infrastructure

·         Leased Infrastructure; Frame Relay and Other Services

·         The Sensor/Fieldbus Networks

·         Wireless Systems

·         Rogue (Undocumented) Dial and Wireless Links

·         Infected/Compromised Portable Equipment

·         Network Management Systems 

Long Term Evolution Training Courses

LTE, Long Term Evolution, What is it?

Long Term Evolution - LTE

Learn all the Concepts behind Long Term Evolution (LTE) and EPC. LTE (Long Term Evolution) delivers true mobile broadband for the masses with a superior user experience. LTE provides improved performance, lower total cost of ownership and enables a new era of personalized services. TONEX “LTE” (3GPP Long Term Evolution) covers the technical details of the next-generation network beyond 3G.

LTE, Long Term Evolution or the E-UTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Access Network) is the access part of the Evolved Packet System (EPS). The main requirements for the new access network are high spectral efficiency, high peak data rates, short round trip time and frequency flexibility.

TONEX LTE training 4-day course is a unique crash course, bootcamp style that covers all aspects of LTE.

Topics Included: Motivation behind LTE, major key features, system requirements, network architecture, network engineering, RF planning, security, coverage, performance, required enhancements in HSPA/HSPA+ and migration strategies for LTE deployment.

 

RF Safety - Radio Frequency Safety

You will actually be surprised!

RF Radiofrequency (RF) and microwave (MW) radiation are electromagnetic radiation in the frequency ranges 3 kilohertz (kHz) - 300 Megahertz (MHz), and 300 MHz - 300 gigahertz (GHz), respectively. Research continues on possible biological effects of exposure to RF/MW radiation from radios, cellular phones, the processing and cooking of foods, heat sealers, vinyl welders, high frequency welders, induction heaters, flow solder machines, communications transmitters, radar transmitters, ion implant equipment, microwave drying equipment, sputtering equipment and glue curing.

WHAT ARE "RADIOFREQUENCY" AND MICROWAVE RADIATION?
Electromagnetic radiation consists of waves of electric and magnetic energy moving together (i.e., radiating) through space at the speed of light.  Taken together, all forms of electromagnetic energy are referred to as the electromagnetic "spectrum."

Radio waves and microwaves emitted by transmitting antennas are one form of electromagnetic energy.  They are collectively referred to as "radiofrequency" or "RF" energy or radiation.  Note that the term “radiation” does not mean “radioactive.”

Often, the terms "electromagnetic field" or "radiofrequency field" may be used to indicate the presence of electromagnetic or RF energy.

The RF waves emanating from an antenna are generated by the movement of electrical charges in the antenna.  Electromagnetic waves can be characterized by a wavelength and a frequency.  The wavelength is the distance covered by one complete cycle of the electromagnetic wave, while the frequency is the number of electromagnetic waves passing a given point in one second.  The frequency of an RF signal is usually expressed in terms of a unit called the "hertz" (abbreviated "Hz").  One Hz equals one cycle per second.  One megahertz ("MHz") equals one million cycles per second.

Different forms of electromagnetic energy are categorized by their wavelengths and frequencies.  The RF part of the electromagnetic spectrum is generally defined as that part of the spectrum where electromagnetic waves have frequencies in the range of about 3 kilohertz (3 kHz) to 300 gigahertz (300 GHz).

Microwaves are a specific category of radio waves that can be loosely defined as radiofrequency energy at frequencies ranging from about 1 GHz upward.

Learn about RF Safety

IPv6 Security Training

We just updated our IPv6 Security Training

 

TONEX IPv6 Security Training is now aligned with IPv6 Security Training Certification. 

We are IPv6 Forum Certified.

IPv6 Security Topics Covered:

• Major security issues faced when upgrading to IPv6 network
• IPv6 Packet Structures and Vulnerability
• Issues with IPv6 Packets over IPv4 Networks
• Issues with Embedding an IPv4 Address in an IPv6 Header
• IPv6 Forensics
• IPv6 Security Testing Tools
• Vulnerability Testing
• Running Fuzz Testing against IPv6 Devices and Applications
• IPv6 Attacker Tools
• IPv6 Security Incidents
• Sources of Incidents
• Types of IPv6 Security Incidents
• Probes
• Scan
• Account Compromise
• Root Compromise
• Packet Sniffer
• Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed DoS (DDoS)
• Exploitation of Trust in IPv6
• Malicious Code in IPv6

 

New DoDAF Workshop - DoDAF 2.0 Training

DoDAF Workshop – Business Process Management with DoDAF 2.0 Training 

We just created a new DoDAF workshop due to the many requests from our customers. Here is some basic description of this new workwhop

DoDAF Workshop, Business process management (BPM) applied to DoDAF covers all aspects of BPM applied to DoDAF 2.0′s All, Capability, Operational, Systems, Services viewpoints and Data and Information Viewpoints.

Who Should Attend

• Business Analysts
• Enterprise Archietcts
• DoDAF Process improvement team members
• DoDAF Managers and supervisors